Corporations can be cooperative.
Being associated with a big name like SSS or SPQNR can deter low level pirates, or any pirates. In my Corp(HHW) there is a member who has low level research, and I help him manufacture stuff, he buys the materials and I start the manufacture process. Also, being in a Corp can be a way to get more ships. In Corps like TGE, (Are any of them still active?) they have big Science and Com ships that they cycle among the members. And Corps like SSS give QP to the members.
So the benefits of being in a Corp depends on how the Corp is run and what they can do to help it's members.